Vibriosis is one of the most prevalent fish diseases caused by bacteria belonging the genus Vibrio affecting many marine and fresh water fishes. The disease characterized by septicemia, dermal ulceration, ascitis and haematopiotic necrosis. The most important etiological agent of vibriosis is V. anguillarum. There are three serological types from V. anguillarum, serotype 1, 2, and 3. Other members of the genus Vibrio have been isolated from outbreaks of vibriosis in fish and shell fish these agents include Vibrio salmonicida, V. carchariae and V. cholerae etc. V. anguillarum is Gram negative, rod-shaped bacterium curved or straight, motile, non-sporulating and non-capsulated. The organism does not produce pigment. It grows rapidly at 25-30úC in rich media such as brain-heart or trypticase soy broth containing 1.5% Nacl. Vibrio spp. is able to survive in sea water more than 50 months. On solid medium, it produces circular, cream-coloured colonies.

Mode of transmission:

1.     The infection may be transmitted through oral route.

2.     External injures and external parasites may play a role in transmission of infection through the dermal route.

3.     The organism found in gut and under any stress condition, it might invade the host.

4.     Carriers may be playing a role in spreading of the infection.

5.     Feeding of the fishes from contaminated food (infected fishes or viscera of died fishes).

6.     Contact between diseased fish & healthy one.

Diagnosis:

1.     Case history.

2.     Clinical signs and P.M.

3.     Isolation and identification of Vibrio spp.

4.     ELISA and immunofluorescens tests help in diagnosis of the disease.

Prognosis:

Mortality rate among susceptible fishes may reach 80% and morbidity rate may reach 100%.

Treatment and control:

1.     Sulphamerazine: 12gm/100lb of fish/day for three days followed by 7 gm/100lb of fish/day for 11 days.

2.     Oxytetracycline: 3-5gm/100lb of fish/day for 10 days.

3.     Furazolidone in feed: 100mg/kg/fish/6days.

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